What functionality does the Encrypting File System (EFS) provide?

The Encrypting File System (EFS) is a feature primarily designed to protect sensitive data on an individual file and folder level. It allows users to easily encrypt files and folders so that only authorized users can access them. When a file is encrypted with EFS, it becomes unreadable to anyone who does not have the necessary decryption key, even if they gain access to the file through unauthorized means, such as physical access to the hard drive.

EFS integrates closely with the Windows operating system, making it relatively straightforward for users to encrypt and decrypt files without requiring extensive configuration or additional software. This targeted approach to encryption is vital for maintaining confidentiality and ensuring that sensitive information is secured effectively.

In contrast, encrypting entire hard drives is typically handled by solutions like BitLocker, which is different from EFS's focus on individual files and folders. Securing network connections refers to protocols such as SSL/TLS, which are not part of EFS functionality. Lastly, EFS does not have any capability to remove malware; that function is managed by dedicated antivirus or anti-malware software. Thus, option B accurately embodies the purpose and functionality of EFS.