What is the primary function of the `gpupdate` command?

The primary function of the gpupdate command is to force a Group Policy update on a Windows system. Group Policy is used in Windows networks to manage and configure operating system settings, security options, and other configuration settings for users and computers within an Active Directory environment.

When you execute the gpupdate command, it refreshes the Group Policy settings by reapplying the policies that have been configured for the user or computer. This can be particularly useful in scenarios where changes to Group Policy have been made, and there is a need to apply those updates immediately without having to wait for the next scheduled update, which typically occurs every 90 minutes.

The other options do not directly relate to the purpose of the gpupdate command. Verifying Group Policy settings is achieved through other commands and tools, such as gpresult. Managing user permissions is primarily handled through Active Directory and user management tools. Checking disk integrity is performed using commands like chkdsk, which focuses on file system errors and disk health rather than policy updates.