What is the purpose of an IP address?

An IP address serves the essential role of identifying devices on a network and enabling the proper routing of data between those devices. Each device within a network is assigned a unique IP address, which acts much like a physical address for sending and receiving data packets. This identification is critical because it allows for effective communication within networks and across the internet, ensuring that data is sent to the correct destination. Additionally, routing protocols use IP addresses to determine the best paths for data transmission, which is crucial for maintaining efficient and organized data flow.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of an IP address. Controlling network speeds pertains to bandwidth management and quality of service, which are distinct from the fundamental identification and routing purpose of an IP address. Securing data connections involves encryption protocols and security measures, while user authentication may involve credentials and access controls, neither of which directly relates to the function of an IP address. Thus, the core purpose of an IP address is solely focused on device identification and data routing within a network.