What is the role of a network switch?

A network switch primarily serves the function of connecting devices within the same network. It operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, facilitating communication between devices such as computers, printers, and servers on a local area network (LAN). By receiving data packets from one device and forwarding them to the intended recipient device based on MAC addresses, the switch enhances network efficiency and reduces collisions compared to older networking devices like hubs.

In a LAN setup, each device connected to a switch can communicate with others, enabling resource sharing and collaboration. The switch creates a more organized traffic pattern within the network, ensuring that data is sent only to the specific device for which it is intended, thereby improving overall network performance.

Other options, such as connecting multiple networks, managing IP addresses, or acting as a firewall, refer to functions typically associated with routers or dedicated security devices. Routers connect different networks, DHCP servers manage IP address distribution, and firewalls control access and protect networks from unauthorized access. Therefore, the specific role of a network switch is accurately represented by its ability to connect devices within the same network.