Which physical topology connects all devices to a central hub?

The topology that connects all devices to a central hub is the star topology. In this configuration, each device, such as computers and printers, is independently connected to a central point, often referred to as a hub or switch. This setup allows for easy management and easy identification of potential issues, as if one connection fails, it does not disrupt the entire network, unlike other topologies.

Star topologies are popular in modern networks due to their scalability and reliability. They enable easy addition or removal of devices without disturbing the rest of the network. The central hub facilitates communication between devices, making it straightforward to monitor traffic and manage network resources effectively.

In contrast, ring topology connects each device to two others to form a circular data path, and issues can arise when a connection breaks. Mesh topology has multiple connections between devices, ensuring redundancy, but is more complex and costly to implement. Bus topology uses a single communication line shared among all devices, which can lead to network failures if the main cable is damaged. Thus, the star configuration stands out as the most efficient and manageable option for contemporary networking needs.